The Israeli Air Force (IAF) operates three types of modified Gulfstream Special Mission aircraft based on the Gulfstream V and Gulfstream G550 airframes.

GULFSTREAM V 'NACHSHON SHAVIT'

The Gulfstream V 'Nachshon Shavit' is used as an airborne Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) platform and was officially ordered in November 2001. Three 'green' modified airframes were delivered by Gulfstream Aerospace Corp. to Israel in June 2005, February 2006 and August 2006 for fit-out by Israel Aerospace industries (IAI) with an Airborne Integrated SIGINT System. Active with the Israeli Air Force during the July/August 2006 Lebanon War, the first delivered aircraft went into action only a very short time after reaching its initial operational capability. When on a mission the Nachshon Shavit searches, intercepts, locates, analyses, classifies and monitors transmissions that originate from air-, land- and sea-based transmitters. The aircraft are based at Nevatim as part of the 122 'The Nachshon' Squadron.

676, Gulfstream V SIGINT 'Nachshon Shavit'

The Gulfstream G550 'Nachshon Aitam' was modified for the Conformal Airborne Early Warning (CAEW) mission by IAI. IAI first unveiled details on the G550 CAEW aircraft with a large-scale model on display at the 2003 Korea Air Show in Busan (for the South Korean Air Force then planned relaunch of its E-X AEW&C project).

Ordered in August 2003, the first of two aircraft was delivered 'green' to Israel in September 2006 after which it was locally fitted with the IAI Elta mission equipment. IAI delivered the first mission-configured Nachshon Aitam to the IAF (Nevatim, 122 Squadron) in February 2008 and the second following in May 2008.  

537, Gulfstream G550 CAEW 'Nachshon Aitam'
N637GA (c/n: 5037) left Savannah (GA) for Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion on 18 September 2006. On it's way to Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion it stopped at Shannon and arrived in Israel on 19 September. Again the same day the N637GA registration was cancelled and changed into first 637 and later 537. The aircraft was noted at Tel Aviv on 24 September with the N and GA removed from N637GA and serial 537 below the cockpit windows. In June 2009 the G550 CAEW was displayed in Europe at the Paris Air Salon, Paris-Le Bourget. The aircraft was decorated with 'Israeli Air Force' titles and show number 148. In November 2010 the aircraft participated in Exercise Vega, a combined Italian/Israeli exercise held at Decimomannu Airbase (Deci) on the Italian island of Sardinia. This was the first official overseas deployment for the type since it's introduction into service. 

569, Gulfstream G550 CAEW 'Nachshon Aitam'

GULFSTREAM 550 'NACHSHON ORON'

Gulfstream G550 CAEW 'Nachshon Oron'

Gulfstream G550 CAEW N552GD (c/n: 5552) was ferried from Savannah (GA) to Shannon, Ireland on the 15th of March 2021. The next day the aircraft departed Shannon for a direct flight to Nevatim Air Force Base in Israel.

On 4 April 2021, the Heyl Ha’Avir (IAF, Israeli Air Force) officially introduced the Gulfstream Nachshon Oron at Nevatim air base (Israel). The new aircraft is the most advanced intelligence aircraft of its kind. It is a joint development of the Administration for Research, Development of Weapons and Technological Infrastructure in the Ministry of Defence, the Air Force, the Intelligence Division, the Navy and the Aerospace Industry. The aircraft was designed following lessons from past operational events.

The Nachshon Oron will perform several electronic warfare roles. It will be equipped with an automatic information extraction layer based on advanced algorithms and artificial intelligence, and will enable the Israeli Defence Force (IDF) arms to preserve and deepen its intelligence superiority. The first role is intelligence gathering using advanced cameras and sensors. The second role is a flying relay station that connects the Air Force and IDF control posts to the forces on the ground. The third role is to mark targets with lasers and other means for attacking forces, like disrupting radars and enemy anti-aircraft batteries.

The new intelligence aircraft is based on the Gulfstream G550 executive aircraft platform. It will be equipped with advanced radar made by IAI and advanced intelligence systems. The Nachshon Oron will be operated by the 122 The Nachshon Squadron from Nevatim airbase 

Upon landing in Israel from the United States, where it underwent a series of tests and test flights tailored to Israeli needs, the aircraft entered the Air Force integration and absorption process. This process is expected to take between a year and a half, In addition to Air Force personnel, the Intelligence. Division, research and development experts from the Department of Weapons Development at the Ministry of Defense and members of the Israeli company Elta will also participate in the absorption process. Current serial of the aircraft is 452 (source: various, Scramble Magazine).